Effect of operating frequency on system power, penetration ability, equipment volume, and system performance

Note:
This article considers empirical situations and may not apply to all situations.

1. Effect of frequency on power

Generally speaking, the higher the frequency, the smaller the power.
The power affects the working distance. Therefore, the system with a higher frequency often has a smaller working distance. The phenomenon that millimeter waves are commonly used in vehicles, 5G small cells, etc. can be explained with this.

2. Frequency vs. Penetration Capability

Generally, the lower the frequency, the stronger the penetration. (The penetrating ability here refers to the penetrating ability of the detection, that is, the diffractive ability. It does not refer to the energy penetration of gamma rays, lasers, etc.)

3. Relationship between frequency and device volume

Generally, when the other conditions are the same, the larger the operating frequency, the smaller the equipment size. This can be understood from the perspective of receiving and transmitting antennas. For example, millimeter waves can be chip-sized.

4. Relationship between frequency and system performance

When selecting a frequency, the cost is usually known, and the available frequency is determined based on the nature of the budget and frequency. For example, when the budget cost is low, a more mature frequency band should be selected.